Sown the seeds used to feed a variety of birds and rodents, and insect pests like flies highlights

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Soybeans for our region newer cultures. After World War II, and the middle of the eighth decade, sown areas were small. From 1975 to 1988 the sown area increased by about ten times. In the ninth decade of soybean in Serbia was an average of 71,000 hectares per year, and of these 63,000 olive tree collective acres of surface area related to Vojvodina (with a yield of 2.0 t / ha). Considering olive tree collective the whole period from 1951 -1995. year, soybeans are cultivated on average at 29,000 hectares, or 0.8% of arable land. These data for the Province is 25,000 hectares (1.6%).
Various pests on soybeans, taking into account the entire world, lowering the potential yield of 4.5% (Cramer II.). In some regions of Japan, the average damage is 20%. Together speaking areas of Serbia and neighboring countries (Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, olive tree collective Croatian, Bosnia and Herzegovina) soy depletes over 180 pests. Of these types of insects account for more than 80%. In najvažanije enemies of crop pests include the following:
Proboscides (Tetranychus Atlanticus, olive tree collective T. urticae), rodents (Cricetus Cricetus, Microtus arvalis, Lepus europaeus), nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.), Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisi, Aphis craccivora), on bugs (Lygus rugulipennis) , duvanov trips (Thrips tabaci), beetles (Wireworm ustulatus A. sputator, Anisoplia spp. Melolontha melolontha, Tanymecus dilaticollis, Sitona spp.), armyworm (Autographa gamma, Mamestra brassicae, Heliothis viriplaca), olive tree collective safflower šarenjak (Vanessa cardui) , soy pennant (Etiella zinckenella), seedling flies (Delia platura). Proboscides represent the most dangerous pests of soybean fields.
In the area of Serbia (primarily olive tree collective in Vojvodina) soybean crop damaged about 90 species of pests. For the importance of particular note are the Atlantic acarid, wild rabbit, hamster, field voles and other rodents, and occasionally safflower šarenjak. In the first place comes the Atlantic acarid, which can reduce yields by 27% (Tomasevic B.).
Sown the seeds used to feed a variety of birds and rodents, and insect pests like flies highlights the seedlings, which attacks the swollen seed and seed. Of the many pests of underground organs of the most important include wireworms and chafer, nematodes spot of root and others. Within the large number olive tree collective of enemies list by far the most dangerous and the most common Atlantic acarid, then follow ordinary spider mites, olive tree collective caterpillars, butterflies (safflower olive tree collective šarenjak, gamma moths, cabbage moths and the balloon). As pests pods and seeds was the importance of stress, various rodents, olive tree collective followed olive tree collective by pests and soy pennant.
It consists in the use of cultural, biological and chemical measures, and the growing of resistant olive tree collective varieties. In the USA, the total sowing area under soybean in two states, in the middle of the ninth decade, integrated pest control was applied at 100% of the area (Adkisson PL).
In countries major producers of soybean (USA, Brazil, China, etc..), Special attention is being paid to work on finding resistance to major pests of this crop. In Brazil cultivar Santa Rosa is resistant to attack the roots from nematodes Meloidogyne javanica and variety Tropical attack on M. javanica and M. incognita. In Croatia, the nematode root rot of inferior varieties developed at the Sava and OS-88 (Šamota D.). So far in the world found more soybean lines that possess a high degree of resistance to soybean borer. olive tree collective
In our conditions, is of particular importance to the work of selection for resistance to Proboscides, which are the most important pests of soybean. So far in our country, the varieties Ewans, never recorded a higher number of individuals Proboscides olive tree collective Atlantic, olive tree collective and the varieties of Kolubara in general has not been determined attack ordinary spider (Rajkovič I).). In Bulgaria, the variety Pearl showed the highest tolerance of various tested varieties to attack ordinary spider.